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As the temperature of a chemical reaction in the gas phase is increased, the rate of the reaction increases because$\newline$($1$) fewer particle collisions occur$\newline$($2$) more effective particle collisions occur$\newline$($3$) the required activation energy increases$\newline$($4$) the concentration of the reactants increases$\newline$$1$$\newline$$2$$\newline$$3$$\newline$$4$