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Milk and cream contain different percents of butterfat. How much 
2% milk needs to be mixed with how much 
35% cream to give 20 L of 
15% cream.

Milk and cream contain different percents of butterfat. How much 2% 2 \% milk needs to be mixed with how much 35% 35 \% cream to give 2020 L of 15% 15 \% cream.

Full solution

Q. Milk and cream contain different percents of butterfat. How much 2% 2 \% milk needs to be mixed with how much 35% 35 \% cream to give 2020 L of 15% 15 \% cream.
  1. Set up equations: Set up the equation based on the percentages of butterfat in each component.\newlineLet xx be the amount of 2%2\% milk and yy be the amount of 35%35\% cream.\newlineWe know that the total volume should be 2020 liters, so:\newlinex+y=20x + y = 20
  2. Second equation: Set up the second equation based on the butterfat content.\newlineThe total butterfat from the milk and cream should equal the butterfat in the final mixture:\newline0.02x+0.35y=0.15×200.02x + 0.35y = 0.15 \times 20
  3. Simplify equation: Simplify the butterfat equation. 0.02x+0.35y=30.02x + 0.35y = 3
  4. Solve system: Solve the system of equations using substitution or elimination.\newlineFrom x+y=20x + y = 20, express yy in terms of xx:\newliney=20xy = 20 - x\newlineSubstitute yy in the butterfat equation:\newline0.02x+0.35(20x)=30.02x + 0.35(20 - x) = 3
  5. Substitute and solve: Distribute and combine like terms.\newline0.02x+70.35x=30.02x + 7 - 0.35x = 3\newline0.33x+7=3-0.33x + 7 = 3
  6. Combine terms: Solve for xx.0.33x=37-0.33x = 3 - 70.33x=4-0.33x = -4x=40.33x = \frac{-4}{-0.33}x=12.12x = 12.12
  7. Find xx: Find yy using the value of xx.y=2012.12y = 20 - 12.12y=7.88y = 7.88

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