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In an experiment, the probability that event $A$ occurs is $\frac{5}{8}$ , the probability that event $B$ occurs is $\frac{4}{7}$ , and the probability that events $A$ and $B$ both occur is $\frac{1}{5}$ . What is the probability that $A$ occurs given that $B$ occurs? Simplify any fractions.

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Find conditional probabilities

Full solution

Q. In an experiment, the probability that event

A

occurs is

\frac{5}{8}

, the probability that event

B

occurs is

\frac{4}{7}

, and the probability that events

A

and

B

both occur is

\frac{1}{5}

. What is the probability that

A

occurs given that

B

occurs? Simplify any fractions.

Identify Conditional Probability Formula: To find the probability that $A$ occurs given that $B$ occurs, we use the formula for conditional probability: $P(A|B) = \frac{P(A \text{ and } B)}{P(B)}$ .
Calculate $P(A \text{ and } B)$ and $P(B)$ : We know $P(A \text{ and } B) = \frac{1}{5}$ and $P(B) = \frac{4}{7}$ . So, $P(A|B) = \frac{\frac{1}{5}}{\frac{4}{7}}$ .
Apply Division of Fractions: To divide these fractions, we multiply by the reciprocal of the second fraction: $(\frac{1}{5}) \times (\frac{7}{4})$ .
Multiply Numerators and Denominators: Now, multiply the numerators and denominators: $(1 \times 7) / (5 \times 4) = 7/20$ .

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