Simplify −32: (a) Simplify 5−32.Calculation: 5−32=(−32)1/5.Since the index is odd, the root of a negative number is defined.(−32)1/5=−2 because (−2)5=−32.
Simplify −32: (b) Simplify −532.Calculation: 532=321/5.321/5=2 because 25=32.Then, −532=−2.
Simplify 81: (c) Simplify 481.Calculation: 481=8141.8141=3 because 34=81.
Simplify 81: (d) Simplify 81.Calculation: 81=811/2.811/2=9 because 92=81.
Simplify −32: (e) Simplify −32.Calculation: −32=(−32)1/2.Since the index is even, the square root of a negative number is not defined in the real number system.
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