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Each of these relationships reflects a correlation. Which relationship most likely reflects correlation but not causation? $\newline$ Choices: $\newline$ (A) When families go to the pool more often, they go to the beach more often. $\newline$ (B) When families go to the pool more often, they wash towels more often. $\newline$ (C) When families go to the pool more often, they use more sunscreen.

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Correlation and causation

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Q. Each of these relationships reflects a correlation. Which relationship most likely reflects correlation but not causation?

\newline

Choices:

\newline

(A) When families go to the pool more often, they go to the beach more often.

\newline

(B) When families go to the pool more often, they wash towels more often.

\newline

(C) When families go to the pool more often, they use more sunscreen.

Analyzing Relationship: Analyze the relationship of option (A): Does going to the pool more often cause families to go to the beach more often? The answer is likely No, as the decision to go to the beach is not caused by the frequency of going to the pool. Both activities might be more common in the summer, but one does not cause the other.
Analyzing Relationship: Analyze the relationship of option (B): Does going to the pool more often cause families to wash towels more often? The answer is Yes, as the need to wash towels is likely to increase with more frequent pool visits due to towels being used.
Analyzing Relationship: Analyze the relationship of option (C): Does going to the pool more often cause families to use more sunscreen? The answer is Yes, as the use of sunscreen is likely to increase with more frequent pool visits due to exposure to the sun.
Selecting Correlation: Finally, select the option that most likely reflects correlation but not causation. The answer is 'When families go to the pool more often, they go to the beach more often.' $(A)$ because the correlation does not imply that one causes the other, but rather that they may both be related to a third factor, such as warmer weather or vacation time.

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