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Each of these relationships reflects a correlation. Which relationship most likely reflects correlation but not causation? $\newline$ Choices: $\newline$ (A)When potters make more bowls, they use more clay. $\newline$ (B)When artists paint more portraits, they use more paint. $\newline$ (C)When illustrators use more blue pencils, they use more green pencils.

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Correlation and causation

Full solution

Q. Each of these relationships reflects a correlation. Which relationship most likely reflects correlation but not causation?

\newline

Choices:

\newline

(A)When potters make more bowls, they use more clay.

\newline

(B)When artists paint more portraits, they use more paint.

\newline

(C)When illustrators use more blue pencils, they use more green pencils.

Analyze Relationship of First Option: Analyze the relationship of the first option $(A)$ : Does making more bowls necessarily cause the use of more clay? The answer is Yes, as the use of clay is directly related to the number of bowls made. This is a case where the correlation is likely due to causation, as the act of making bowls requires clay.
Analyze Relationship of Second Option: Analyze the relationship of the second option ( extit{B}): Does painting more portraits necessarily cause the use of more paint? The answer is Yes, as the use of paint is directly related to the number of portraits painted. This is another case where the correlation is likely due to causation, as the act of painting portraits requires paint.
Analyze Relationship of Third Option: Analyze the relationship of the third option (C): Does using more blue pencils cause illustrators to use more green pencils? The answer is not necessarily, as the use of one color pencil does not cause the use of another color pencil. Illustrators may use different colors based on the requirements of their work, not because using one color leads to the use of another. This is a case where there might be a correlation (e.g., illustrators who use more pencils in general might use more of every color), but it is not necessarily due to causation.
Select Most Likely Option: Finally, select the option that most likely reflects correlation but not causation. The answer is 'When illustrators use more blue pencils, they use more green pencils.' (C) because the use of different colored pencils is not causally linked, but may be correlated due to other factors such as the scale or type of project.

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