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Chapter 16

(20 points) Question 1 : In order to test a theory that coffee consumption can have an effect on test scores, a researcher conducts a study on a group of adults. Each is given a test. Then for one week, each subject is required to consume a certain amount of coffee; then he or she is retested. The results are shown here.





Score Before
Score After


109
106


116
123


123
122


114
119


107
106


105
107


115
114


95
98


111
95


98
97





Test the claim that coffee improves test score. Use WRS and 
alpha 
=0.01.


Solution :

Chapter 1616\newline- (2020 points) Question 11 : In order to test a theory that coffee consumption can have an effect on test scores, a researcher conducts a study on a group of adults. Each is given a test. Then for one week, each subject is required to consume a certain amount of coffee; then he or she is retested. The results are shown here.\newline\begin{tabular}{c|c}\newline\hline Score Before & Score After \\\newline\hline 109109 & 106106 \\\newline116116 & 123123 \\\newline123123 & 122122 \\\newline114114 & 119119 \\\newline107107 & 106106 \\\newline105105 & 107107 \\\newline115115 & 114114 \\\newline9595 & 9898 \\\newline111111 & 9595 \\\newline9898 & 9797 \\\newline\hline\newline\end{tabular}\newline11. Test the claim that coffee improves test score. Use WRS and α \alpha =0.01 =0.01 .\newline- Solution :

Full solution

Q. Chapter 1616\newline- (2020 points) Question 11 : In order to test a theory that coffee consumption can have an effect on test scores, a researcher conducts a study on a group of adults. Each is given a test. Then for one week, each subject is required to consume a certain amount of coffee; then he or she is retested. The results are shown here.\newline\begin{tabular}{c|c}\newline\hline Score Before & Score After \\\newline\hline 109109 & 106106 \\\newline116116 & 123123 \\\newline123123 & 122122 \\\newline114114 & 119119 \\\newline107107 & 106106 \\\newline105105 & 107107 \\\newline115115 & 114114 \\\newline9595 & 9898 \\\newline111111 & 9595 \\\newline9898 & 9797 \\\newline\hline\newline\end{tabular}\newline11. Test the claim that coffee improves test score. Use WRS and α \alpha =0.01 =0.01 .\newline- Solution :
  1. Define Events and Probabilities: Define the events and given probabilities.\newlineLet AA be the event that a competitor reacted in over 0.70.7 seconds, and BB be the event that a competitor was female. We are given:\newlineP(A)=P(A) = Probability that a competitor reacted in over 0.70.7 seconds = 0.60.6\newlineP(B)=P(B) = Probability that a competitor was female = 0.40.4\newlineP(A and B)=P(A \text{ and } B) = Probability that a competitor reacted in over 0.70.7 seconds and was female = 0.70.700
  2. Use Addition Rule: Use the Addition Rule of Probability to find P(A or B)P(A \text{ or } B). The Addition Rule of Probability states that for any two events AA and BB, the probability that AA or BB occurs is given by: P(A or B)=P(A)+P(B)P(A and B)P(A \text{ or } B) = P(A) + P(B) - P(A \text{ and } B)
  3. Calculate Probability: Calculate P(A or B)P(A \text{ or } B) using the given probabilities.\newlineSubstitute the given probabilities into the formula from Step 22:\newlineP(A or B)=0.6+0.40.3P(A \text{ or } B) = 0.6 + 0.4 - 0.3
  4. Perform Calculation: Perform the calculation.\newlineP(A or B)=0.6+0.40.3=1.00.3=0.7P(A \text{ or } B) = 0.6 + 0.4 - 0.3 = 1.0 - 0.3 = 0.7
  5. Interpret Result: Interpret the result.\newlineThe probability that a randomly chosen competitor reacted in over 0.70.7 seconds or was female is 0.70.7, or 70%70\%.

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