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The given equation shows the number of possible distinct passwords, 
p, of length, 
L, where each character is selected from 
n permitted characters.

p=n^(L)
How does the number, 
p, of possible distinct passwords change if the length is increased by 3 characters?
Choose 1 answer:
(A) 
p is multiplied by 
n^(3).
(B) 
p is multiplied by 
3n.
(c) 
p is cubed.
(D) 
p is multiplied by 3 .

The given equation shows the number of possible distinct passwords, p p , of length, L L , where each character is selected from n n permitted characters.\newlinep=nL p=n^{L} \newlineHow does the number, p p , of possible distinct passwords change if the length is increased by 33 characters?\newlineChoose 11 answer:\newline(A) p p is multiplied by n3 n^{3} .\newline(B) p p is multiplied by 3n 3 n .\newline(C) p p is cubed.\newline(D) p p is multiplied by 33 .

Full solution

Q. The given equation shows the number of possible distinct passwords, p p , of length, L L , where each character is selected from n n permitted characters.\newlinep=nL p=n^{L} \newlineHow does the number, p p , of possible distinct passwords change if the length is increased by 33 characters?\newlineChoose 11 answer:\newline(A) p p is multiplied by n3 n^{3} .\newline(B) p p is multiplied by 3n 3 n .\newline(C) p p is cubed.\newline(D) p p is multiplied by 33 .
  1. Understand Formula Explanation: Understand the original formula for the number of possible distinct passwords. The formula given is p=nLp = n^{L}, where pp is the number of possible passwords, nn is the number of permitted characters, and LL is the length of the password.
  2. Determine New Password Length: Determine the new length of the password after increasing it by 33 characters.\newlineIf the original length is LL, the new length will be L+3L + 3.
  3. Apply New Length to Formula: Apply the new length to the formula to find the new number of possible passwords. The new number of possible passwords will be pnew=n(L+3)p_{\text{new}} = n^{(L + 3)}.
  4. Express New Passwords in Terms: Express the new number of possible passwords in terms of the original number of possible passwords.\newlineUsing the properties of exponents, we can rewrite pnewp_{\text{new}} as pnew=nL×n3p_{\text{new}} = n^L \times n^3.\newlineSince p=nLp = n^L, we can substitute pp into the equation to get pnew=p×n3p_{\text{new}} = p \times n^3.
  5. Compare with Answer Choices: Compare the new expression with the answer choices.\newlineThe expression pnew=p×n3p_{\text{new}} = p \times n^3 matches with answer choice (A), which states that pp is multiplied by n3n^3.

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