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22.) evaluate the cross ratio (2,1+i,1,1+i)(2, 1 + i, 1, 1 + i) b) identify the points where the mapping f(z)=12(z+1z)f(z) = \frac{1}{2} * (z + \frac{1}{z}) is conformal.

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Q. 22.) evaluate the cross ratio (2,1+i,1,1+i)(2, 1 + i, 1, 1 + i) b) identify the points where the mapping f(z)=12(z+1z)f(z) = \frac{1}{2} * (z + \frac{1}{z}) is conformal.
  1. Calculate Cross Ratio: Calculate the cross ratio for the points 22, 1+i1 + i, 11, and 1+i1 + i using the formula (z1z3)(z2z4)/(z1z4)(z2z3)(z_1 - z_3)(z_2 - z_4) / (z_1 - z_4)(z_2 - z_3).\newlineCross ratio = (21)(1+i1+i)/(21+i)(1+i1)(2 - 1)(1 + i - 1 + i) / (2 - 1 + i)(1 + i - 1)
  2. Simplify Numerator and Denominator: Simplify the numerator and the denominator.\newlineCross ratio = (1)(2i)/(1+i)(i)(1)(2i) / (1 + i)(i)
  3. Multiply to Eliminate Complex Number: Multiply the numerator and denominator to get rid of the complex number in the denominator.\newlineCross ratio = (2i)/(i2+i)(2i) / (i^2 + i)
  4. Simplify i2i^2 and Continue: Simplify i2i^2 to 1-1 and continue simplifying.\newlineCross ratio = (2i)/(1+i)(2i) / (-1 + i)
  5. Multiply by Conjugate: Multiply the numerator and denominator by the conjugate of the denominator to make the denominator real.\newlineCross ratio = (2i)(1i)/((1+i)(1i))(2i)(-1 - i) / ((-1 + i)(-1 - i))
  6. Perform Multiplication: Perform the multiplication in the numerator and the denominator.\newlineCross ratio = (2i2i2)(1i2)\frac{(-2i - 2i^2)}{(1 - i^2)}
  7. Combine Like Terms: Simplify i2i^2 to 1-1 in the numerator and denominator.\newlineCross ratio = (2i+2)/(1+1)(-2i + 2) / (1 + 1)
  8. Divide by Denominator: Combine like terms and simplify the denominator.\newlineCross ratio = (22i)/2(2 - 2i) / 2
  9. Identify Conformal Points: Divide both terms in the numerator by the denominator.\newlineCross ratio = 1i1 - i
  10. Set Derivative Equal to Zero: Now, identify the points where the mapping f(z)=12(z+1z)f(z) = \frac{1}{2} \cdot (z + \frac{1}{z}) is conformal. Conformal mappings preserve angles, so we need to find where the derivative of f(z)f(z) does not equal zero or infinity. f(z)=12(11z2)f'(z) = \frac{1}{2} \cdot (1 - \frac{1}{z^2})
  11. Simplify by Multiplying: Set the derivative equal to zero to find where the mapping is not conformal.\newline0=12×(11z2)0 = \frac{1}{2} \times (1 - \frac{1}{z^2})
  12. Add 1z2\frac{1}{z^2}: Multiply both sides by 22 to simplify.\newline0=11z20 = 1 - \frac{1}{z^2}
  13. Take Square Root: Add 1/z21/z^2 to both sides.\newline1/z2=11/z^2 = 1
  14. Solve for z: Take the square root of both sides.\newline1z=±1\frac{1}{z} = \pm1
  15. Mapping Not Conformal: Take the reciprocal to solve for zz.z=±1z = \pm 1
  16. Mapping Not Conformal: Take the reciprocal to solve for zz. z=±1z = \pm 1 The mapping is not conformal at z=±1z = \pm 1.

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